Vocabulary
Vocabulary words for Module 1 Lesson 3 & 4
civics - the study of citizenship and government
government - the organizations and individuals who have the right to rule over a group of people
constitution - a written of government
democracy - when people either rule directly or they elect officials who act on their behalf.
tax - a charge people pay to a government.
economy- is a system of producing, selling, and buying goods and services.
trade - the activity of buying and selling, or exchanging goods and services.
traditional economy - economic decisions are based on how economic activity has been carried out in the past.
command economy - government makes all economic decisions and owns or controls all factors of production.
market economy- economic decisions are made by people looking out for their own best interest.
Vocab words Module 1 Lesson 2
Geography - the study of people, places and environments
Environment - the physical surroundings of a location
Region - places that have physical and human characteristics that connect them to other places because of their similarities or differences.
Landforms- the natural features of the land's surface. (mountains, lakes, valleys, plains,..)
climate- the pattern of weather conditions in a certain area over a long period of time.
Resources- materials found in the earth that people need and value.
______
Menes- Egyptian leader who united both Upper and Lower Egypt into one kingdom.
dynasty - series of rulers from the same family
Theocracy - a government where religious leaders have power to make, approve, or enforce laws
nobles - people from rich and powerful families
Rosetta Stone - a stone slab discovered in 1799 that was inscribed with hieroglyphics and their Greek meanings.
sphinxes - huge ancient Egyptian statues of imaginary creatures with the heads of people or animals and bodies of lions.
obelisk - a tall, four-sided pillar that is pointed on top
exports - items sent for sale in other countries or regions
imports - goods brought in from other countries or regions
Ramses the Great- Important New Kingdom pharaoh who defended Egypt from invaders and strengthened defenses.
Vocab words
Scribe- a person who writes and keeps records
Linen- a type of fabric woven from flax plants
Pharaoh- The title of a king in Ancient Egypt
Silt- fine solid deposited by a river
delta- the area near a river's mouth where the water deposits fertile soil
Papyrus-that is made from the reeds from a plant with the same name
embalm- to preserve a body after death
hieroglyphs - a picture that stands for a word or letter
Egyptology- The study of the culture and artifacts of ancient Egypt
Fertile - land that is good fro growing crops
Archeology - a branch of science that studies people, objects, and animals
pyramid - structure with triangular sides that meet at a point.
Module 3 - The Fertile Crescent, Mesopotamia, and the Persian Empire
Lesson 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent
Fertile Crescent - a large arc of rich farmland extending from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea
silt- a mix of rich soil and small rocks
civilization - an organized group of people (society) that live in an area and work to improve their way of life
irrigation - a way of supplying water to an area of land
canals - human made waterways
surplus - more of something than is needed
division of labor - an arrangement in which people specialize in specific tasks
Lesson 2 The Sumerians Test on 10/19 (B) & 10/20 (A)
rural - having to do with the countryside
urban having to do with the city
city-state a political unit consisting of a city and the surrounding countryside
Gilgamesh a Uruk king who became a legend in Sumerian literature
Sargon Akkadian emperor who defeated Sumer and built the world’s first empire
empire land with different territories and peoples under a single rule
polytheism the worship of many gods
priests people who performed religious ceremonies
social hierarchy a division of society by rank or class
cuneiform world’s first system of writing
pictographs picture symbols
scribe writer and record keeper
epics long poems that tell the stories of heroes
architecture the science of building
ziggurat a pyramid-shaped temple tower
Lesson 3 Military Empires
Words for vocabulary test on
Neolithic Era
domestication
agriculture
megaliths
cuneiform
city-state
Babylonia
Mesopotamia
stele
The Stone Ages and Early Cultures
Lesson 1
prehistory - the time before there was writing
hominid - an early ancestor of humans
ancestor - a relative who lived in the past
tool - any handheld object that has been modified to help a person accomplish a task
Paleolithic Era - the first part of the Stone Age
society - a community of people who share a common culture
hunter-gathers - people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits and nuts to survive
Lesson 2
migrate - move to a new place (internal & external)
ice ages - long periods of freezing weather
land bridge - a strip of land connecting two continents
Mesolithic Era - the middle part of the Stone Age, from about 10,000 years ago to about 5,000 years ago.
Uncovering the Past
Lesson 4
civics - the study of citizenship and government
government - the organizations and individuals who have the right to rule over a group of people
constitution - a written plan of government
democracy - the people either rule directly or the elect officials who act on their behalf
republic - a system of government in which people elect representatives to carry on the work of government
tax - a charge people pay to a government
Lesson 3
Economy - a system of producing, selling and buying goods and services.
scarcity - not enough resources to meet people's wants
profit - the money an individual or business has left after paying expenses
entrepreneur - a person who organizes, manages, and assumes the risk of a business
mixed economy - economy in which businesses are free to operate but they must obey a government's laws and rules
trade - the activity of buying, selling or exchanging goods and services
wealth - the value of all possessions that a person or country has
Five Themes of Geography
1. Location - exact location of a place using latitude and longitude or describing the places around it.
2. Place - describes both physical and human characteristics.
3. Region - places that have physical and human characteristics that connect them to other places because of their similarities or differences.
4. Movement - people, goods, and ideas going fro place to place alters places and regions and the people who live there.
5. Human-Environment interaction - through interaction, people change their environment and the environment changes people.
==========================================
Geography - the study of people, places and environments
Environment - the physical surroundings of a location
Spatial - where a place is located and ts physical relationship to other places, people or environments
Globe - a model of the Earth in the shape of a sphere
civics - the study of citizenship and government
government - the organizations and individuals who have the right to rule over a group of people
constitution - a written of government
democracy - when people either rule directly or they elect officials who act on their behalf.
tax - a charge people pay to a government.
economy- is a system of producing, selling, and buying goods and services.
trade - the activity of buying and selling, or exchanging goods and services.
traditional economy - economic decisions are based on how economic activity has been carried out in the past.
command economy - government makes all economic decisions and owns or controls all factors of production.
market economy- economic decisions are made by people looking out for their own best interest.
Vocab words Module 1 Lesson 2
Geography - the study of people, places and environments
Environment - the physical surroundings of a location
Region - places that have physical and human characteristics that connect them to other places because of their similarities or differences.
Landforms- the natural features of the land's surface. (mountains, lakes, valleys, plains,..)
climate- the pattern of weather conditions in a certain area over a long period of time.
Resources- materials found in the earth that people need and value.
______
Menes- Egyptian leader who united both Upper and Lower Egypt into one kingdom.
dynasty - series of rulers from the same family
Theocracy - a government where religious leaders have power to make, approve, or enforce laws
nobles - people from rich and powerful families
Rosetta Stone - a stone slab discovered in 1799 that was inscribed with hieroglyphics and their Greek meanings.
sphinxes - huge ancient Egyptian statues of imaginary creatures with the heads of people or animals and bodies of lions.
obelisk - a tall, four-sided pillar that is pointed on top
exports - items sent for sale in other countries or regions
imports - goods brought in from other countries or regions
Ramses the Great- Important New Kingdom pharaoh who defended Egypt from invaders and strengthened defenses.
Vocab words
Scribe- a person who writes and keeps records
Linen- a type of fabric woven from flax plants
Pharaoh- The title of a king in Ancient Egypt
Silt- fine solid deposited by a river
delta- the area near a river's mouth where the water deposits fertile soil
Papyrus-that is made from the reeds from a plant with the same name
embalm- to preserve a body after death
hieroglyphs - a picture that stands for a word or letter
Egyptology- The study of the culture and artifacts of ancient Egypt
Fertile - land that is good fro growing crops
Archeology - a branch of science that studies people, objects, and animals
pyramid - structure with triangular sides that meet at a point.
Module 3 - The Fertile Crescent, Mesopotamia, and the Persian Empire
Lesson 1 Geography of the Fertile Crescent
Fertile Crescent - a large arc of rich farmland extending from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea
silt- a mix of rich soil and small rocks
civilization - an organized group of people (society) that live in an area and work to improve their way of life
irrigation - a way of supplying water to an area of land
canals - human made waterways
surplus - more of something than is needed
division of labor - an arrangement in which people specialize in specific tasks
Lesson 2 The Sumerians Test on 10/19 (B) & 10/20 (A)
rural - having to do with the countryside
urban having to do with the city
city-state a political unit consisting of a city and the surrounding countryside
Gilgamesh a Uruk king who became a legend in Sumerian literature
Sargon Akkadian emperor who defeated Sumer and built the world’s first empire
empire land with different territories and peoples under a single rule
polytheism the worship of many gods
priests people who performed religious ceremonies
social hierarchy a division of society by rank or class
cuneiform world’s first system of writing
pictographs picture symbols
scribe writer and record keeper
epics long poems that tell the stories of heroes
architecture the science of building
ziggurat a pyramid-shaped temple tower
Lesson 3 Military Empires
Words for vocabulary test on
Neolithic Era
domestication
agriculture
megaliths
cuneiform
city-state
Babylonia
Mesopotamia
stele
The Stone Ages and Early Cultures
Lesson 1
prehistory - the time before there was writing
hominid - an early ancestor of humans
ancestor - a relative who lived in the past
tool - any handheld object that has been modified to help a person accomplish a task
Paleolithic Era - the first part of the Stone Age
society - a community of people who share a common culture
hunter-gathers - people who hunt animals and gather wild plants, seeds, fruits and nuts to survive
Lesson 2
migrate - move to a new place (internal & external)
ice ages - long periods of freezing weather
land bridge - a strip of land connecting two continents
Mesolithic Era - the middle part of the Stone Age, from about 10,000 years ago to about 5,000 years ago.
Uncovering the Past
Lesson 4
civics - the study of citizenship and government
government - the organizations and individuals who have the right to rule over a group of people
constitution - a written plan of government
democracy - the people either rule directly or the elect officials who act on their behalf
republic - a system of government in which people elect representatives to carry on the work of government
tax - a charge people pay to a government
Lesson 3
Economy - a system of producing, selling and buying goods and services.
scarcity - not enough resources to meet people's wants
profit - the money an individual or business has left after paying expenses
entrepreneur - a person who organizes, manages, and assumes the risk of a business
mixed economy - economy in which businesses are free to operate but they must obey a government's laws and rules
trade - the activity of buying, selling or exchanging goods and services
wealth - the value of all possessions that a person or country has
Five Themes of Geography
1. Location - exact location of a place using latitude and longitude or describing the places around it.
2. Place - describes both physical and human characteristics.
3. Region - places that have physical and human characteristics that connect them to other places because of their similarities or differences.
4. Movement - people, goods, and ideas going fro place to place alters places and regions and the people who live there.
5. Human-Environment interaction - through interaction, people change their environment and the environment changes people.
==========================================
Geography - the study of people, places and environments
Environment - the physical surroundings of a location
Spatial - where a place is located and ts physical relationship to other places, people or environments
Globe - a model of the Earth in the shape of a sphere